Motives for British Imperialism in Africa Essays -- Imperialism Africa

Intentions in British Imperialism in Africa Before the Europeans started the New Imperialism in Africa, almost no was thought about the internal pieces of the mainland. Be that as it may, after certain travelers dug further into the core of Africa, the Europeans before long acknowledged how monetarily significant this zone was, and the amount they could benefit from it. At that point, Britain had just little occupations of land in Africa, yet after they understood that they could bring in cash from the rich assets from the internal areas of Africa, they needed to attack the African nations and dominate. This prompted the scramble and at last, the parcel of Africa. During the Age of Imperialism, from 1870-1914, Britain was a significant nation, which end up being valid in the â€Å"carving up† and division of Africa. England was one of the most grounded of the European nations, and had the ability to assume control over a significant part of the most important terrains with the most rich and bottomless supplies of crude materials and different assets. There were five primary purposes behind their colonialism. They were political and military interests, philanthropic and strict objectives, ideological, exploratory, and in conclusion, yet above all, financial interests. Concerning the political reasons, Britain just needed to stay serious with different nations, for example, Germany and France. At that point, the British had no partners, and different nations, for example, France and Germany, were getting monetarily progressively steady. By assuming control over Africa, and setting up provinces, they would have partners and a feeling of insurance. Germany and France were likewise a portion of the greater powers in Europe, and the British dreaded them since they expected to stay aware of the opposition of their adversary nations. They were practically compelled to rehearse colonialism in view of the developing danger of Germany and France. The British kept on being radicals until the start of World War 1, in 1914, in light of the fact that they expected that they may lose their realm. They vanquished and included numerous pieces of Africa, for example, Egypt, South Africa, Nigeria, the Suez Canal, etc†¦ In many cases, the purposes behind this wa s had the option to colonize these individuals and addition partnerships with them and furthermore to convey the message to different nations that they were as yet serious. One prime case of this, was the way Britain purchased the Suez Canal into their own capacity. Fredinand de Lesseps, a Frenc... ...e from India. That was the basic precept of all British colonialism. Since forever, the British have been a country of mariners and agents. With the beginning of the majestic period, cash started to rise to influence, and the abundance of the British raised them to the highest point of the world. As Sir Walter Raleigh stated, Whosoever orders the ocean orders the exchange; whosoever orders the exchange of the world orders the wealth of the world, and therefore the world itself. India was the place the wealth of the world originated from, the gem in the crown of the British Empire. The British expected to dissipate the danger of different Europeans in Africa to keep up control of India, and they did so effectively. They immediately dealt with both the significant ocean courses to India and afterward turned their eyes to the remainder of the landmass. Regardless of whether the British were attempting to cultivate open help or keep another country from turning into a danger, every British activity in Africa were legitimately or in a roundabout way connected to India. The British were propelled by their longing to turn out to be incredible, and they dexterously consolidated venture and victory to make a globe spreading over realm based on the abundance of India.

Regulation and Management in the Global Community The WritePass Journal

Guideline and Management in the Global Community WRITEPASS CUSTOM ASSIGNMENT WRITING DISSERTATION Guideline and Management in the Global Community ). Because of this administration, the fare levels have diminished and the work levels have expanded (Trading Economics, 2012). By and large, the political circumstance in China is insecure, where the organizations close their organizations. Financial As it has been expressed in the past section, the joblessness rate has expanded from 4% in 2008 to 4.1% in 2012 (Trading Economics, 2012). This is respected to be cynical with regards to monetary turn of events. The country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is likewise not idealistic and has diminished from 2.5% in 2011 to 1.5%, further developing to 2.2% (Trading Economics, 2012). This may be interconnected with the decline in sends out as showed in the passage above. Exchanging Economics, (2012) recommends that degree of fare is moderately inconsistent, in this manner evolving every now and again. This infers there is a general example of development in the fare levels; be that as it may, its pace is respected to be moderate. This has been driven by the downturn, which has diminished the speed of fare development, in 2009.â The most recent figures, starting at July, 2012, exhibited that the degree of fare is 1800 million USD every month (Trading Economics, 2012). China’s swelling rate is accounted for to be †1.7% as of December, 2012. The normal swelling rate is 4%, which the administration likes to hold (CNN Money, 2012). In light of current circumstances, the nation encounters a solid development and monetary turn of events. In any case, the expansion in the swelling rate suggested that the costs for food expanded significantly. This proposes the costs for food has expanded to nearly 2%, which influences the activities of organizations and general buyer certainty adversely (CNN Money, 2012). In a long haul, there is a high danger of further expansion rate acceleration, which may additionally decline the financial development and customer certainty. Social It has been evaluated that because of the political framework in China, there are sure limitations set inside the social region. It is particularly ascribed to the opportunity of the word (Telegraph, 2012). This infers the substance on the Internet is being followed, which recommend that there are sure limitations set on the substance, that might be imparted to others on the Internet. Another social viewpoint is credited to the solid way of life of the Chinese individuals. This is the genuine way of life where the Chinese will in general devour just the new food and to be occupied with sports (Deseret News, 2012). With respect to sustenance, the fundamental piece of their dinners are vegetables. This has been a conventional advancement of the Chinese nourishing society (Deseret News, 2012).â Despite that, the experts foresee an incredible interest for cheap food outlets. In 2002, just 2% of the Chinese were eager to visit the inexpensive food outlets (Economist, 2002). Most of inexpensive food outlets are included Western cheap food outlets, to be specific 80%. The pattern exhibits that the Chinese are happy to expend extravagance, popular, creative, current and colorful items (Miller, 2004). This pattern, thusly, drives the interest for cheap food items. The adolescents are progressively inclined to the reception of this pattern. This suggests they see the chea p food outlets as popular and in vogue (Eckhardt and Houston, 2001). It is likewise connected with the plan of the inexpensive food outlets, particularly of Western starting point. For example, the guest plan is for 2 individuals, which is portrayed as additional for dating purposes, as opposed to the aggregate seating structure for 8 individuals, which is progressively famous among the Chinese cafés (Eckhardt and Houston, 2001). Mechanical China is respected to be progressing in the Internet infiltration. This suggests the pace of entrance in China is better than expected, in particular 34.3% (China Internet Watch, 2012). China’s absolute broadband entrance rate has expanded for 30% , subsequently totaling in 98.3% (China Internet Watch, 2012). Be that as it may, in spite of this expanded broadband infiltration rate, the Internet speed is just 100.9 KB/s, which is very low in contrast with the world’s normal Internet speed (China Internet Watch, 2012). One of the most significant headways is ascribed to the expansion in prevalence of Internet access through cell phones. This recommends 66% of Chinese customers will in general access the Internet through cell phones (China Internet Watch, 2012). One of the most basic angles, identified with the internet based life is the authority over the substance, which is posted on the web (Telegraph, 2012). This infers the legislature is looking out for what is posted online in arrangement with the permitted content. As the sources propose, it isn't in transit of being changed in the futureâ the example (Telegraph, 2012). This recommends the command over the substance has gotten significantly stricter thus. The break of the principles may bring about being prosecuted, since this is viewed as an offense (Telegraph, 2012) as legitimate legislative sources delineate, this is kept up so as to forestall the advancement of an erotic entertainment, unneeded frenzy and different sorts of allegations. Most of web based life sites have been now hindered because of the affectability of talked about political subjects (Telegraph, 2012). Ecological From the ecological viewpoint, China is among the nations that produce the biggest measure of CO2 outflows (BBC News, 2012). Itâ has been evaluated that China is among the nations with high hazard in the zone of environmentalism. This proposes China ought to embrace the methodologies so as to turn out to be all the more earth concerned (BBC News, 2012). Given the enormous degree of industrialization, the appropriation of naturally well disposed systems ought to be incorporated as the number of inhabitants in China turns out to be all the more ecologically concerned. This is outlined in the ongoing exhibitions, that were delivered so as to address the natural issues in China (BBC News, 2012). One of the instances of common dissent was exhibited in August 2011, where 12,000 individuals took part in the dissent against the improvement of the concoction plant in Dalian, China (BBC News, 2012). Legitimate From the legitimate point of view, China’s government forces a great deal of limitations on outside organizations. This has been essentially because of the way that the Chinese economy has been shut for the ventures for quite a while. Despite the fact that, at present it has gotten opened for FDIs (Foreign Direct Investments), there are still limitations forced on the exercises of outside organizations in China. It is essential to have an information about these distinctions so as to profit by the administration of outside company’s activities. Social Differences As indicated by Hofstede’s model, there are contrasts between the way of life that will in general influence the tasks in the remote nations. Given the section to the Chinese market, the model ought to be applied to break down the contrasts between the UK and China. The model is contained the assessment of the accompanying factors, to be specific force separation, long haul direction, vulnerability evasion, manliness/gentility, independence/community. Thus, it has been evaluated that there are extraordinary contrasts in some of factors, to be specific force separation file, independence/community and long haul direction (Hofstede’s Official Website, 2012). Force Distance record shows that the British society is for the minimization of the imbalances among the various layers of society. In any case, the evaluations are distinctive among the common laborers and high society. This is explicitly credited to the way that the British society has immediately been reformed, where the high society has lost its noteworthiness. As opposed to that, the Chinese exacting various leveled framework is seen to be a typical property of a corporate and community’s life. This recommends the Chinese are utilized to the force misuse, because of a solid regard towards the bosses (Hofstede’s Official Website, 2012). Low position in the independence score exhibits that China is a collectivistic culture. This infers the individuals inside Chinese culture will in general seek after the interests of the gatherings as opposed to their own advantages. This additionally adds to the expanded regard towards old individuals from the family and bosses (Hofstede’s Official Website, 2012). This likewise influences the tasks inside the association. This proposes there is a low responsibility to the organization, while the connections are not created outside the hover of partners as well as companions. UK culture is respected to be progressively individualistic. This suggests the individuals from this culture will in general be concerned exclusively about their own advantages. The principle worry in the British culture is the accomplishment of their very own satisfaction instead of the aggregate reasoning, which is rehearsed in China (Hofstede’s Official Website, 2012). With respect to long †term direction, the UK is very unique in relation to China. This proposes the UK is a culture with momentary direction, accordingly recommending an enormous spotlight on the brisk outcomes, with regards to business vision. This suggests there is no drawn out vision for organizations, where the administration will in general spotlight on â€Å"NOW† and â€Å"HERE†. China is very unique in relation to the UK, since this culture is described by being for quite some time arranged (Hofstede’s Official Website, 2012). This infers the fundamental hypothesizes that are polished in the way of life are diligence and assurance. There is constantly a drawn out vision, which bring about the speculations being made in the drawn out undertakings. The fundamental attribute of this culture is that the choices

Should You Take Vitamins for Depression

Should You Take Vitamins for Depression Depression Treatment Print Depression and Your Diet Deficiencies in Certain Nutrients Can Play a Role in Depression By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 22, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Westend61 / Getty Images If you have chronic depression, more than one factor may be causing your symptoms.?? One of these potential causes is a deficiency in one or more essential nutrients. This could be great news, because along with medication, therapy, and any other treatment your doctor prescribes, making simple changes to your diet may help you to feel better. Keep in mind too that the body benefits most from vitamins and minerals that come from whole foods rather than pills. In fact, even if you arent low in any particular nutrient, eating a balanced diet in general, one made up of fresh foods rather than processed ones, can help you feel better overall.?? Only a medical professional can determine if you have a nutritional deficiency, so before you fill your fridge with new foods or stock up on supplements, get an official diagnosis. B-Complex Vitamins The B vitamins are essential for mental and emotional well-being. Theyre water-soluble, meaning they cant be stored in the body, so you need to get them through the foods you eat every day. B vitamins may be depleted by alcohol, refined sugars, nicotine, and caffeine. Excesses of any of these can play a part in a B-vitamin deficiency. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) The brain uses vitamin B1 to help convert glucose, or blood sugar, into fuel. Without it, the brain rapidly runs out of energy.?? Thiamine deficiencies are rare but can lead to a variety of disorders including irritability and symptoms of depression. One study found that thiamine supplements might help counteract the time lag of antidepressants for people with major depressive disorder.?? Natural food sources of vitamin B1 include:?? Beans and legumesDairy products (yogurt)EggsMeat, poultry, and fishNuts and seedsWhole grainsAcorn squashAsparagus  Beet greensBrussels sproutsSpinach If you have low levels of vitamin B1, you may want to avoid clams, milled rice, mussels, and shrimp. These foods contain the enzyme thiaminases, which renders thiamine inactive. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) A  niacin  deficiency can cause pellagra, a disease that can cause psychosis and dementia.?? Because many commercial foods contain niacin, pellagra has virtually disappeared. However, deficiencies in vitamin B3 can produce agitation and anxiety, as well as mental and physical slowness. Food sources of vitamin B3 include:?? Dairy productsEggsFishLean meatsLegumesNutsPoultry Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) Deficiencies of vitamin B5 are rare but may lead to fatigue, depression, insomnia, skin irritation, and numbness and tingling in the hands and feet.?? Food sources of vitamin B5 include: YogurtChickenMilkLentilsEggsBroccoliWhole-wheat breadTunaCod Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Vitamin B6 helps the body process amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins and some hormones. It is needed to make  serotonin, melatonin, and dopamine. Vitamin B6 deficiencies, although very rare, cause impaired immunity, skin lesions, and mental confusion.?? A marginal deficiency sometimes occurs in alcoholics, people with kidney failure, and women using oral contraceptives. An older class of antidepressants, the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), has also been linked to deficiencies of vitamin B6, but these arent prescribed much anymore. Many nutritionally oriented doctors believe that most diets do not provide optimal amounts of this vitamin. Food sources of vitamin B6 include:?? ChickpeasBeef liverFish (e.g., tuna, salmon)ChickenPotatoesNon-citrus fruits (e.g., bananas)Cottage cheeseSquash Vitamin B12 A vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to a variety of neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. Because vitamin B12 is important for red blood cell formation, a deficiency can also cause anemia.?? Deficiencies take a long time to develop, since the body stores a three- to five-year supply in the liver. When shortages do occur, they are often due to a lack of intrinsic factor, an enzyme that allows vitamin B12 to be absorbed in the intestinal tract. This condition is known as pernicious anemia.  Since intrinsic factor diminishes with age, older people are more prone to B12 deficiencies. Food sources of vitamin B12 include:?? MeatChickenFish (e.g., salmon, trout, white tuna)EggsMilkYogurt Vitamin B9 (Folate) This B vitamin is needed for DNA synthesis.?? It is also necessary for the production of SAM (S-adenosyl methionine). A poor diet, illness, alcoholism, and certain drugs can contribute to folate deficiencies.  Pregnant women are often advised to take this vitamin to prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Food sources of folate include:?? Leafy green vegetables (e.g., spinach, kale, collards, endive)AsparagusBrussels sproutsBeans (e.g., chickpeas, black-eyed peas)Sunflower seedsPeanuts Vitamin C When too little vitamin C plays a role in depression symptoms, supplements may help. While there tends to be more animal than human studies showing the effects of vitamin C on depression, one small study of young male students linked higher levels with an improved overall mood and lower levels with increased depression, anger, and confusion.?? Stress, pregnancy, and breastfeeding increase the bodys need for vitamin C, while aspirin, tetracycline, and birth control pills can deplete the bodys supply. Food sources of vitamin C include:?? OrangesGrapefruitsPeppersStrawberriesBroccoliCauliflowerKiwiMelonBrussels sproutTomatoesPotatoes Vitamin D Vitamin D is important to the body in many ways. Your body needs this key vitamin to absorb calcium. Whats more, your bones need it to stay healthy and strong, your cells need it to grow, your nerves need it to carry messages between the brain and other body parts, and your immune system needs it to fend off viruses and bacteria. The “sunshine vitamin” also plays a role in mental health. More and more research has shed light on the link between a lack of vitamin D and depression. One meta-analysis found that people with depression have low vitamin D levels and people with low vitamin D have a much greater risk of depression.?? While the best way to absorb vitamin D is through sun exposure, dietary supplements and certain foods are also viable sources.   Food sources of vitamin D include:?? Fatty fish (e.g., salmon, tuna, mackerel)Beef liverEgg yolksCheeseMushroomsFortified foods (e.g., milk, non-dairy milk, juice, yogurt, cereals) Minerals Deficiencies in a number of minerals have been associated with depressive symptoms as well as physical problems. Magnesium The fourth most abundant mineral in the human body, magnesium is mostly stored in your bones.?? While not common, magnesium deficiency can occur if you dont consume enough magnesium-rich foods. Health problems, like diabetes and alcoholism, as well as certain medication that interferes with the absorption of magnesium in your small intestine, can also cause a deficiency. A deficiency of this essential mineral has been linked with personality changes, including apathy, depression, agitation, confusion, anxiety, and delirium.?? Food sources of magnesium include:?? Dark green leafy vegetablesLegumesNuts and seedsWhole grains Calcium Calcium, which is the most abundant mineral in the body, is mostly stored in the bones and teeth where it helps with formation and strength.?? It also plays a role in muscle contraction, normal nervous system function, blood clotting, and hormonal secretion. Long-term calcium deficiency can lead to a loss of bone density (osteopenia) or brittle, weak bones (osteoporosis). A diet low in calcium has also been shown to increase self-rated depression in middle-aged women.?? Calcium deficiency can occur from a lack of calcium in your diet as well as an abundance of protein and sodium-rich foods, which are known to impair calcium absorption.?? Food sources of calcium include: Organic milkYogurtCheeseFatty fish (e.g., salmon)Fortified foods (e.g., non-dairy milk, juice, cereals) Selenium Selenium is a  trace mineral, which means that your body only needs a  small amount. Selenium  is essential for normal thyroid function, reproduction, and DNA synthesis. One study linked too high and too low levels of selenium in young people to an increased risk of symptoms of depression.?? Selenium is often found in multivitamins as well as in the forms of selenomethionine, selenium-enriched yeast, or sodium selenite. Its still unknown how well the body absorbs selenium in supplement form. Food sources of selenium include:?? SeafoodMeatPoultryEggsDairy  productsBreads, cereals, and other grain products Zinc You need zinc for normal growth and a healthy immune system.?? The trace mineral is involved in protein production, DNA synthesis, and cell division. It also helps with your sense of smell and taste. Zinc deficiency, which is rare in children and young adults, may be due to diet as well as problems with absorption, which can be seen in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Since zinc leaves the body quickly, you need to eat foods that contain zinc daily.?? Food sources of zinc include: MeatPoultrySeafood (e.g., oysters, crab, lobster)Beans (e.g., baked beans, chickpeas, kidney beans)Nuts (cashews)Seeds (pumpkin seeds)Whole grainsDairy products Iron Iron deficiency can impact anyone at any age. In fact, its among the most common nutritional deficiencies in the world.?? Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, a protein that allows red blood cells to carry oxygen to every part of your body, as well as myoglobin, which is  found in your muscle cells. One study found that 72% of participants with depression had iron deficiency anemia (IDA) compared to 16% of non-depressed participants. Researchers also linked the severity of depression symptoms to an increase in IDA.?? Food sources of iron include:?? Beef, chicken, lamb,  pork, and turkeyShrimp, clams, and oystersTofuLeafy green vegetablesBeans (e.g., pinto beans, black beans, lentils, kidney beans)Broccoli and bok choyGreen beansTomatoesDried fruit (e.g., apricots, prunes, raisins)Nuts and seeds (raw pumpkin seeds) Manganese Although your body does not need much, this trace mineral is required for normal functioning of your brain, nervous system, and many of your body’s enzyme systems. A tiny amount (about 20mg) is stored in your bones, liver, pancreas, and kidneys, and you can also get it from food.?? People with manganese deficiency, which is extremely rare, often struggle with  infertility, bone problems, altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and  seizures. Research has linked both manganese deficiency and an over-abundance of the trace mineral to the development of depressive disorders.?? Food sources of manganese include:?? Pineapple (including raw pineapple or pineapple juice)Nuts and seedsLeafy, green vegetables (e.g., spinach, Swiss chard, collard greens, kale)Raspberries and strawberriesSummer squashSoybeans, tofu, tempehBeans (e.g., chickpeas, lima beans, navy beans, pinto beans)Seafood (e.g., mussels, clams, crayfish)Whole grains (e.g., quinoa, brown rice, oats, whole-wheat bread)Spices (e.g., cloves, cinnamon, black pepper, turmeric) Potassium Your body requires potassium for optimum health, including proper kidney, heart, and brain function, muscle growth, and nerve transmission. A deficiency in potassium can result from a low-carb diet and is also linked to certain conditions, including people with kidney disease, diabetes, and  inflammatory bowel disease, and people who use laxatives or diuretics.?? A recent study found that a diet low in potassium and high in sodium may predict future depression in adolescents.?? Getting potassium through your diet is preferred; talk to your health care provider before taking potassium supplements. Food sources of potassium include: Baked potatoesWhite beansNonfat yogurtBaked sweet potatoesHalibutBananasPrunes and prune juiceClamsTomato productsDried apricotsBok choy A Word From Verywell Nutrition is an important and often overlooked part of good mental health. Luckily, tweaking your diet to keep your body and mind healthy doesnt have to be complicated.?? A nutritionist or dietitian is a great first step to determine if you are low in any of these vitamins and minerals. If you are, you can work together to find easy ways to incorporate more of them into your diet. 7 Foods That Improve Mood and Fight Depression

Maltese Falcon as a Film Noir Essay - 1144 Words

Maltese Falcon as a Film Noir Film Noir is a French word which means: dark or black film. This is very fitting as Film Noir and the Maltese falcon are stories of dark deceptive people who often cannot be trusted. Film Noir is a good example of this as the story is about a detective called Sam Spade who gets dragged into the quest for the Maltese Falcon with a compulsive liar Kasper Gutman. The Maltese Falcon is a large bird made of solid gold worth millions. The main six conventions of Film Noir as I can see are The plot, lighting , dialogue, body language, stock characters and camera angles. The film is about a group of 5 people fighting to find and keep the golden jewel encrusted†¦show more content†¦In the shot Spade is on the right and Bridgid on the left. Spade is wearing a hat, the light is projected so that the shadow covers his eyes. Eyes often show how a person is really feeling, with these hidden Spade looks as he is the bad deceptive one, this is another twist to the plot. OShaughnessy is on the left, the light on her face is very different. Her face is lit up so her whole face is visible, her eyes are large and she looks very innocent. Light is often projected on the females faces as to make them look vulnerable and truthful, when is this instance Bridgid is the opposite. Another example is when Spade is being questioned by two investigators, in this scene Spade sits in the middle of them both so his face is visible but only the back of the other two investigators. There is only one lamp in this frame and all the rays are focused on Spade, this as wit h the others makes him look innocent, which in this case he is, but with the twists you are not sure. Outdoor lighting is quite similar, outside scenes are usually lit by headlights and street lamps. A scene outside is a good place for someone to hide as the beam of light is often focused on one direct spot. A good example is when Miles ArcherShow MoreRelatedFilm Noir: The Maltese falcon Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesFilm Noir was extremely trendy during the 1940’s. People were captivated by the way it expresses a mood of disillusionment and indistinctness between good and evil. Film Noir have key elements; crime, mystery, an anti-hero, femme fatale, and chiaroscuro lighting and camera angles. The Maltese Falcon is an example of film noir because of the usage of camera angles, lighting and ominous settings, as well as sinister characters as Samuel Spade, the anti-hero on a quest for meaning, who encounters theRead MoreElements of Film Noir between the Movies Maltese Falcon, Chinatown, and L.A. Confidential572 Words   |  2 Pageselements of Film Noir between the movies M altese Falcon, Chinatown, and L.A. Confidential. This will also discuss if Chinatown and L.A. Confidential remain true to the classical form or if they are in the baroque level of genre. This essay will also identify these discussions using examples for each film. Maltese Falcon could be explained more precisely as transitional films that mark limitations amongst true film noir and film that may have some elements or none noir. Maltese Falcon presents elementsRead MoreMaltese Falcon, L.A. Confidetial, and Chinatown940 Words   |  4 PagesMaltese Falcon, L.A. Confidential, and Chinatown are all considered a classic for noir films. Even though these films are not actually black film they are a Hollywood crime drama. Not all of them are in the Hollywoods classical film noir period from the early 1940s to the late 1950s. The Maltese Falcon is more like a classical noir film than the other two movies. Maltese falcon has all the traits a noir film should have. Like fatalism, the femme fatale, the male protagonists, shadows, gloomy,Read MoreThe Maltese Falcon Essay1183 Words   |  5 PagesTheater 120C: Final Paper In The Maltese Falcon (1941), Humphrey Bogart plays Sam Spade, a private eye detective who is lured into the chase for a bird statue by a mysterious and deceitful woman named Ruth. His objectives are to find the Maltese Falcon, and discover the murderer of two crimes: the death of his former partner, Miles Archer, and another man named Thursby. He also wishes to prove his innocence for the murder of his partner because the police have him as the prime suspect. Sam approachesRead MorePaint It Black: The Evolution of Film Noir Essay examples1578 Words   |  7 Pagescan consider this an example of a classic film noir ending. Film noir is a term used in cinema to describe a visually styled crime drama. Where did it come from? What are the key elements in a film noir? Why did this kind of cinema emerge when it did? What affect did it have in the film world? And finally, where is film noir now? The term film noir means, â€Å"black film† and was originally coined by French critic Nino Frank in 1946.. The author of â€Å"Film Noir†, Bruce Crowther, points out that â€Å"in someRead MoreEssay on The Hays Code in Film Noir2003 Words   |  9 PagesThe Hays Code in Film Noir The Motion Picture Production Code, commonly known as the Hays Code, was adopted in March 1930, though it was not truly enforced until four years later in 1934. This set of rules had tremendously influenced the way Hollywood movies were made for a number of years. This code was based on the ethics and norms if that time. There were three main principals of the Hays Code. The first was no picture shall be produced that will lower the moral standard of those who see itRead MoreEssay about Film Noirs Effect on Modern Cinema1365 Words   |  6 PagesFilm Noirs Effect on Modern Cinema High heels click on wet pavement, shady detectives stand in the shadows, shots ring out through the cold, dark city night-just another moment in film noir. These seedy, almost underground films are considered to be some of the best and most influential pictures in the history of Hollywood by anyones standards, most certainly some of the darkest. Even though the glory days of film noir have long passed and given way to big budget productions, their influenceRead MoreL.a Confidential Film Noir Essay978 Words   |  4 PagesThe Key Conventions Of Film Noir In L.A Confidential L.A Confidential (Curtis Hanson, 1997) is a neo-noir film about a shooting at an all night diner and the three Las Angeles policeman who investigate in their own unique ways. It is based on the book by James Ellroy and after a very well adapted screenplay, won nine academy awards. It starred actors with big names like Russell Crowe, Guy Pearce and Danny Devito, which made it a very high earning film. The Narrative or storyline is muchRead More`` No Country For Old Men `` By Cormac Mccarthy2255 Words   |  10 Pagessame name in 2007. The film adaptation represents both continuity within the film noir styles and also breaks away from them in relation to films such as â€Å"The Maltese Falcon,† â€Å"The Big Sleep† and â€Å"The Killers†. In the film there are multiple characters that are hard-boiled and each try to figure out â€Å"who did what† and â€Å"what happened† for their own individual reasons. This characterization and the actions done by the main characters are remnant of film noir styles. 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The Field Of Human Resource Management Essay - 2209 Words

1. Executive Summary Several studies in the field of Human Resource Management concentrate on the importance of a Human Resources Business Partner to the organisation’s performance. The evolution of HR has led to the need to find, establish and use competitive advantage for a business to exist. Bredin (2008) notes a shift from traditional to strategic Human Resources Management and the implications for the organisation. Ulrich (1997) suggested how Human Resource Management and the role of a Human Resources Business Partner can contribute to an organisation’s competitive advantage. Ulrich suggests that to deal with the challenges, the organisation should move away from the traditional HR approach and apply four new strategic HR roles, namely Strategic partners, Administrative Experts, Employee Champions and Change agents. This model aligns HR strategies with the organisation’s strategies. The HRBP role creates the people strategy for meeting current and future HR needs of the organisation and works to ensure that the organisation is resourced accordingly to benefit the organisation in a positive and efficient manner. Several studies in this field outline the benefits and advantages that this option provides and the reasons as to why it is should be implemented. The objective of this literature review is to provide a reasonable understanding regarding the various roles and structures in Human Resources. It looks at changes, barriers, challenges and the implication ofShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management : The Field Of Human Resources1159 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Resource Management My desired career is that of a human resource generalist. The field of a human resource generalist is responsible for the recruitment, new employee orientation, on-boarding and off-boarding, and prepares and maintain employee handbook of the organization’s workforce. To obtain a position as a human resource generalist, employers look for someone with a bachelor’s degree in human resource management depending on the amount of experience, this would get you an entry levelRead MoreThe Field Of Human Resource Management Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesThe field of Human Resource Management is a major factor in utilizing individuals within the company to achieve organizational objects, while facing a multitude of challenges daily. While conducting a phone interview on September 27, 2016 at 11:30 am with Missi Bowers, the Human Resource Manager and Environmental Health and Safety Coordinator at the Masonite Architectural Algoma Hardwoods plant in Jefferson City, Tennessee, sh e provided first hand experience within the career. Mrs. Bowers can beRead MoreThe Field Of Human Resource Management Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Several studies in the field of Human Resource Management concentrate on the importance of a Human Resources Business Partner to the organisation’s performance. Bredin (2008) notes a shift from traditional to strategic Human Resources Management and the implications for the organisation. Ulrich (1997) suggested how Human Resource Management and the role of a Human Resources Business Partner can contribute to an organisation’s competitive advantage. The objective of this literatureRead MoreThe Field Of Human Resource Management846 Words   |  4 PagesThe field of Human Resource Management is necessary for most businesses to grow and succeed into larger and successful companies. HR can be defined as the part of the company that focuses on the people rather than the business itself. HR does improve the business, but the key focus is on the people. Responsibilities that HR usually holds includes finding new employees, hiring new employees, teaching the new employees the c ulture of the company and their role in the company, as well as taking careRead MoreHuman Resource Management And The Management Field895 Words   |  4 PagesThe Human Resource Management is a principal and novel field in the Management. The Human Resource Management is a specious economic and social resource role in the Management field. The foundation of HRM is that effectively organize and impact the employees. In addition to, it is more significant that than manage the staff. That is the reason why the human resource management as a new and positive management model to be accepted by the companies. Meanwhile, the human resource department in everyRead MoreHuman Resource Management At The Management Field849 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction A broad body of literature in the management field is cantered around the idea of people as assets and emphasizes the importance of Human Resource Management (HRM) to improve firm’s performance and underpin its strategy. While there is evidence that HRM practices can improve organizational performance, a key issue is understanding if such improvement qualifies as competitive advantage or merely achieves competitive parity. Several authors agree that people are sustainable sourceRead MoreThe Field Of Strategic Human Resource Management1243 Words   |  5 PagesThe New Job In a traditional model of human resources, employees move through employment in a typical progression from hiring to separation or retirement. As we enter the new era of an advanced high-tech environment, the business world is also entering into an era of fierce competition noticed by takeovers and mergers. This illuminates the type of dynamic and complex business environment that companies have to face. The rapid change in the environment reminds us that, for a business to survive,Read MoreHr Field Of Human Resource Management1668 Words   |  7 Pagesthese changes also effect the employees within the workplace, this has forced the field of human resource management to change rapidly. Methodology: HR Management in the 21st Century: What’s Ahead? Objective: This paper examines the rapid change in Human Resource Management throughout the 21st century. Human Resource Management is defined as a developmental function in an organization that helps employees and management teams maintain rules, regulations, incentives, salaries, etc. Research was conductedRead MoreHuman Resource Management And The Health Care Field1273 Words   |  6 PagesHuman resource management is an energetic advocate to health care and to an organization. I will challenge to display fair how so in this paper by defining key roles that human resource administration shows in the health care field. I inspiration assess three to five tasks of human resource administration in positions of their equal of support and give an view of which one I touch to be the principal purpose in expanding the health care field. To sum up, I will study the part of human resource management

CQ- Self Assessment Free Essays

Interestingly, regardless to what cultural ethnic one may claim, or what their particular values are; one thing that Is a common factor to all Is that before we can understand someone else, we must first seek our own understanding. â€Å"Human beings are more than a product of their circumstances or geographic location. Their innermost beliefs and values ultimately influence how they act† (Reilly, 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on CQ- Self Assessment or any similar topic only for you Order Now An additional definition of cultural intelligence cited in this week’s lecture, puts a fine tune on the subject; as Early Moisakos) describes Its simply blending in with the mall stream of population, this explanation Is nice as It covers a lot of ground In Just a few short words (2004). Figuratively, a part of ones destination on earth is to face the challenges that have been set forth. Seemly, these challenges fall under the category of cultural intelligence as one fulfills his/her Journey of learning to cope with the world on different levels in general. However, when we speak on human beings, we are speaking generally on society and cultural because they run hand in hand. If here was no society, there would be no culture. Culture can easily be described as the different activities, beliefs, and behaviors, of Like Individuals. Each culture has their own set of values, morals, and organizational goals. There is such thing as well cultured individuals (sometimes referred to as upper-class) that may go an extra mile to gain knowledge on the different diverse aspects of life. This type takes the opportunity to go that extra mile in fulfilling their educational and Christian goals. They enjoy the finer things In life, and have no problem with doing hat Is necessary to malting that goal. Then there Is another type that settles for average they may have been talking about fulfilling the goals of a well cultured individual for the last twenty years, but has yet to take a step toward doing so. Lastly, there is a group of individuals who are totally content with living in poverty and hanging around the local food banks everyday seeing what that can get for free. These three categories are examples of what make up a society in any given societal The way that Livermore explains culture is so very Interesting because aspect. In the text he sheds light on Issues that at some point In an Individuals life these things were taken for granted, probably because one had no idea that these things had a title. In supporting this last sentence the author is making reference to how Livermore describes culture â€Å"as an elusive, dynamic concept that shapes everything we do, things such as eating, sleeping, and bathing as an abstract of how we read the Scriptures, relate to God and communicate truth, are all rooted In our cultural context† (2009 p. 90). As Livermore speaks on these concepts, It brings to mind how e have all become accustomed to, as a way of life. Our own life pattern has a lot to do with how one’s culture is created. Attaining as much knowledge as possible is always a plus because it assists in developing cultural intelligence. Speaking on the development of cultural intelligence; Reilly, offers important factors of gaining knowledge â€Å"gather facts about different people, places, political and economic systems, their traditions, diet and fashions, this can be done formally or informally, by using social networks or from first-hand experience† (2013). Additionally, once knowledge is gained it can be used toward building awareness and respect for others culturally. Respecting other cultures is a must. Some may think that because another individual may wear different types of clothing, or eat different types of food, or talk a little different than themselves, that it’s k to make fun or disrespect them. As we are all culturally different to some degree we must not Judge or be bitter towards anyone but instead show love, respect and kindness. As much knowledge as one may have on culture it doesn’t rut to periodically do a self-assessment. Self-assessments are designed to enhance our understanding of cultural intelligence (2009). It could probably be looked upon like taking your car in for an oil change, enhancing the durability of your car, making sure everything is running smoothly. Taking a self-assessment test gives one the opportunity to enhance themselves in all phases of cultural diversity. After completing the given self-assessment I was really surprise. Apparently I do not give myself enough credit. According to the interpretation of the score in neural, I fell under the guidelines of having an average ICQ in my ability to work in a diverse cultural setting. My knowledge of cultural strategic thinking surprises me as it showed excellent. This is the area that I would have thought to be average. Perseverance showed that I am excellent in cultural motivation, and the interpretation of my score for behavioral ICQ fell under the guidelines of being moderate, this one I don’t agree with at all. After my very first cultural experience, I honestly feel that I learned a lifetime worth of knowledge in regards to my behavior. Livermore, notes that â€Å"many individuals under-or overestimate themselves; therefore, a multilateral assessment has much greater validity’ (2013). For my ministry my behavior needs to be excellent. Over the next 12 months I will work earnestly at improving my two average scores. Miraculously, the two average scores being behavior and my ability to work in an average setting are the two that are of most importance to me simply because of my Spiritual calling to advocate with teens all over the world. I have absolutely no room for average in these areas, these hillier need help and the Holy Spirit has chosen me as one of His disciples in this particular ministry. My plan is to seek further testing, consulting and training in the needed areas. Instead of being a volunteer advocate for Boy Scouts of America twice a month, I will put in my bid to volunteer three times a month. This will give me hands on chance to work on my behavioral and cultural diversity setting skills. I will spend more time with my students in my youth ministry outreach program. Fasting more and prayer will be an additional item on my to-do-list. Instead of staying n my quiet place in prayer for an hour every day for the next 12 months I plan to add and additional thirty minutes. Being around people in general should also help with more activities at the local youth centers as well as at church. In conclusion, the ICQ self-assessment test has been completed; review and the finding have been reported. Several explanations or definitions of cultural intelligence from different scholars have been discussed and evaluated. Last, a twelve month plan to improve my overall ICQ has been added including a full discussion on my honest intentions. How to cite CQ- Self Assessment, Papers

Roman Theatre free essay sample

In Roman times Plays were performed only at festivals, which were only ever held several times a year. Therefore when a play was performed everyone was very excited. On the day it was acted, people closed down their stores and all business was stopped at the forum. All the men and women would flock to the forum, very early in the morning, taking cushions with them for comfort as there were only stone seats. They would also take slaves with them and food and drink as the day was long. There were people however who had already had seats reserved. These were the town councillors and other very important citizens. They were given the best seats at the front. To get to these seats these people carried special tokens with them, telling them what entrance to use and were to sit. Anybody who came later, among the ordinary citizens would have to sit at the top of the auditorium due to lack of space. We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Theatre or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was possible for the large theatre in Pompeii to hold up to 5000 people. A dramatic performance was a public occasion as so admission was free. All of the money would be paid of by a wealthy citizen, who would provide the actors, the producer, scenery and costumes. This would be done to gain him popularity in the local political elections and for the benefit of his fellow citizens. This performance lasted all day and would consist of a number of plays, even during the hot temperatures of the afternoon. A large awning was suspended by ropes and pulley systems across most of the theatre to keep the audience cool and shaded. This system was operated by sailors who were used to using ropes and canvas. However, the awning could not be used on windy days and so the people used hats or sunshades. One of the most popular of all performances were called Pantomimes, which were a mixture of opera and ballet. The plot was usually a serious one and was based upon Greek myths. All the parts were mimed and danced by one masked person, while a chorus of people sang lyrics. Instruments like the, Lyre, Double Pipes, Trumpet and Castanets would accompany a pantomime and gave a rhythmical beat to it. Actors were usually played by Greek slaves or freedmen. They often became very popular for their skill and stamina. Comic actors were also very popular. They would wear grotesque masks and were put on as the end of longer plays as they were only short. They would include material such as rude jokes slapstick and Italian country life. They only ever used a few familiar characters such as Pappus, (an old fool) and Manducuds, (a greedy clown). They were recognisable by their strange masks. These days Plays at the theatre are a common thing. There going all the time with a huge group of actors all showing their skills. Nowadays we have other sources of entertainment such as the T. V and the Cinema and so theatre is not a loved source of enjoyment as it used to be. However it is still enjoyed, but things have changed drastically since the time of Rome. All theatres today are housed inside and although the seating layout is still the same, we now have much more comfortable seats and no one is treated with more due importance than others, (with some exceptions to very special people e. g. royalty). The are always fees for the theatre today and no one from town pays for them. You pay for your ticket and no one else. Plays may not be run all day, but there is a wide selection of different plays to go to, including pantomime, opera, dance and famous plays, such as Cats. We too, like the Romans have music to accompany our plays but we have a much bigger variety of musical instruments that the Roman era could not access. Our actors today don’t use masks, as they provide you with disadvantages such as breathing, visibility and uncomfortable situations. Instead actors, now just use make up and stunning costumes designed by an array of expert designers.

The Ancient City of Rome Has Many Nicknames

The Ancient City of Rome Has Many Nicknames Italys capital city of Rome is known by many names- and not just translations into other languages. Rome has recorded history going back more than two millennia, and legends go back even further, to about 753 BCE, when the Romans traditionally date the founding of their city. Etymology of Rome The city is called Roma in Latin, which has an uncertain origin. Some scholars believe the word refers to the citys founder and first king, Romulus, and roughly translates to oar or swift.  There are also additional theories that Rome derives from the Umbrian language, where the word might mean flowing waters.  Ancestors of the Umbri were likely in Etruria prior to the Etruscans.   Centuries of Names for Rome Rome is often called the Eternal City, a reference to its longevity and used first by the Roman poet Tibullus (c. 54–19 BCE) (ii.5.23) and a bit later, by Ovid (8 CE). Rome is the Caput Mundi (Capital of the world), or so said the Roman poet Marco Anneo Lucano in 61 CE. The Roman emperor Septimius Severus (145–211 CE) first called Rome the Urbs Sacra (the Sacred City)- he was speaking of Rome as the sacred city of the Roman religion, not that of the Christian religion, which it would become later. The Romans were shocked when the city fell to a sack by the Goths in 410 CE, and many said that the reason the city had fallen was that they had forsaken the old Roman religion for Christianity. In response, St. Augustine wrote his City of God in which he censured the Goths for their attack. The perfect society could be a City of God, said Augustine, or an Earthly City, depending on whether Rome could embrace Christianity and be cleaned of its moral turpitude. Rome is the City of Seven Hills: Aventine, Caelian, Capitoline, Esquiline, Palatine, Quirinal, and Vimina. The Italian painter Giotto di Bondone (1267–1377) perhaps said it best when he described Rome as the city of echoes, the city of illusions, and the city of yearning. A Handful of Quotes â€Å"I found Rome a city of bricks and left it a city of marble.† Augustus (Roman Emperor 27 BCE–14 CE)†How is it possible to say an unkind or irreverential word of Rome? The city of all time, and of all the world!† Nathaniel Hawthorne (American novelist. 1804–1864)â€Å"Everyone soon or late comes round by Rome.† Robert Browning (English Poet 1812–1889)Irish playwright Oscar Wilde (1854–1900) called Rome the Scarlet Woman, and the the one city of the soul.â€Å"Italy has changed. But Rome is Rome.† Robert De Niro (American actor, born 1943) The Secret Name of Rome Several writers from antiquity- including the historians Pliny and Plutarch- reported that Rome had a sacred name that was secret and that revealing that name would allow the enemies of Rome to ruin the city. The secret name of Rome, the ancients said, was kept by the cult of the goddess Angerona or Angeronia, who was, depending on which source you read, the goddess of silence, of anguish and fear, or of the new year. There was said to be a statue of her at Volupia which showed her with her mouth bound and sealed up. The name was so secret, that no one was allowed to say it, not even in rituals for Angerona. According to reports, one man, the poet and grammarian Quintus Valerius Soranus (~145 BCE–82 BCE), revealed the name. He was seized by the Senate and either crucified on the spot or fled in fear of punishment to Sicily, where he was captured by the governor and executed there.  Modern historians are not so sure any of that is true: although Valerius was executed, it may have been for political reasons. Plenty of names have been suggested for the secret name of Rome: Hirpa, Evouia, Valentia, Amor are just a few. A secret name has the power of a talisman, even if it didnt actually exist, powerful enough to make it into the anecdotes of antiquarians. If Rome has a secret name, there is knowledge of the ancient world that is unknowable. Popular Phrases All roads lead to Rome.  This idiom means that there are many different methods or ways to reach the same goal or conclusion, and likely refers to the extensive Roman Empires road system throughout its hinterlands.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.  Adapt to your decisions and actions to that of the present circumstances.Rome wasnt built in a day.  Great projects take time.Do not sit in Rome and strive with the Pope. It is best not to criticize or oppose someone in his or her own territory. Sources Cairns, Francis. Roma and Her Tutelary Deity: Names and Ancient Evidence. Ancient Historiography and Its Contexts: Studies in Honour of A. J. Woodman. Eds. Kraus, Christina S., John Marincola and Christoper Pelling. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. 245–66.Moore, F. G. On Urbs Aeterna and Urbs Sacra. Transactions of the American Philological Association (1869-1896) 25 (1894): 34–60.Murphy, Trevor. Privileged Knowledge: Valerius Soranus and the Secret Name of Rome. Rituals in Ink. A Conference on Religion and Literary Production in Ancient Rome. Eds. Barchiesi, Alessandro, Jà ¶rg Rà ¼pke and Susan Stephens: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2004.Rome. Oxford English Dictionary (OED) Online, Oxford University Press, June 2019Van Nuffelen, Peter. Varros Divine Antiquities: Roman Religion as an Image of Truth. Classical Philology 105.2 (2010): 162–88.

Example of a Reaction Paper

Example of a Reaction Paper Example of a Reaction Paper Example of a Reaction Paper: Lets Use the Internet If you have got a task to write a reaction paper but do not know how to do it, you should not be upset. This article will help you solve your problem. An example of a reaction paper is the solution! If you do not know how to write your reaction paper, you may use an example of a reaction paper. Where can you find it? You should search in the Internet. You may find a variety of free academic papers there, in particular different reaction papers. You may ask How may an example of a reaction paper from the Internet be useful for me if I am not going to plagiarize? It will help you very much, indeed, if you do not know what to begin your paper with or, for instance, how to organize your thoughts. Moreover, one should stress that you may make your profit without plagiarizing. Example of a reaction paper: useful help So, in what way may an example of a reaction paper be helpful for you? You may get a lot of useful information when reading online reaction papers in the Internet. For instance, you may:study the main peculiarities of the structure of reaction papers (what parts a reaction paper should consist of, what kind of information each part should contain, in what way a paper paragraphs should be organized); find some interesting ideas about the subject of your discussion (for example, if you do not know what book or movie you should write your reaction paper about); find out in what way a thesis statement is formulated and how it is mentioned in a reaction paper; study the vocabulary of reaction papers: what words and word-combinations are usually used in such papers, what personal forms of verbs are used. Well, as you see the Internet example of reaction papers (that is online reaction papers that you may use as an example in your writing) may be of great use for you. You may use these papers without plagiarizing. Professional help Anyway, if you cannot cope with your reaction paper for some reasons, you are welcome to contact us! Our professional writers whom we cooperate with will be able to provide you with help in writing of any of your assignment papers as soon as possible. The only thing you should do is to place your order on our web-site!

Ehtno-Drama (Drama Creation) Paper Baed on ELL(English Language Term

Ehtno-Drama (Drama Creation) Baed on ELL(English Language Learner) Interview - Term Paper Example He had to Google maps to know where to go and master the Google directions keenly not to get lost. This was because the one who brought him to America went back immediately because of problems that arose immediately after they took off from the Airport. On asking him on the initial difficulties he faced in America he said that he had problems in the English language which posed a barrier in communication. He describes an incident when he developed health issues and reported to the hospital in New Jersey. He was unable completely to communicate with the nurse at the reception. This made the nurse to confront him with a racist language. Telling him, â€Å"You immigrant why come to America and you do not know how to speak English?† Do you think we are terrorists like you? This he said made him to give up on the medication and go home. Lucky enough the health complication healed after some days without ant treatment. He further told me that from that day he enrolled for English lessons at a certain college in New Jersey so that in the future he could not face other discriminative encounters like that. He even stopped wearing his Arab clothes and wore like Americans to conceal identity on suspecting eyes. Further, on the question of a facing a different culture and how he overcome it he told me that despite the cultural differences between Qatar citizens and the Americans he coped well with it. He said that the American foods were different to theirs. Even living styles of the Americans were very different in terms of clothing, entertainment and interactions. He said that he observed that mostly the White Americans despise the Black Americans something that does not happen in Qatar. He said that the Qatar people are so friendly and welcoming to fellow citizens and foreigners. He had no problem with coping with American culture because with time he adjusted very well and become part of the citizens by making of many American friends who taught him

Political Parties Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Political Parties - Research Paper Example The normal people in the general population belong to this party electorate. These supporters or those who identify with a particular political party often show a strong tendency to vote for the candidate of that particular party. In addition, they register themselves as members of that party. These supporters tend to support all the policies of their political party blindly. There are various opinions among various scholars regarding party identification. While some opine that party identification is the result of people’s attachment to certain core political values, some others claim that party identification leads to political core values in an individual. In either way, political identification is an essential element in modern national politics. According to people like Green, palmquist, and Schickler, party identification is the sense of personal attachment one feels to a particular party as a result of the closeness he or she has to the social groups associated with tha t party (132). To illustrate, people often decide their political party taking into consideration how they feel about the social group which makes the base of that particular political party. The study by Goren proves that party identification is stable and rather long lasting (882). Admittedly, the first benefit of party identification is the proper representation of people’s requirements and their satisfaction. ... Secondly, though there is the claim that party identification leads to partisan politics, there is the counter argument that party identification leads to a greater degree of unity. For example, Larry shows that an individual’s value selection is greatly influenced by their party affiliation (122). That means a large chunk of population, which believes in a particular political party, tends to blindly support what the party propagates. It will help in reducing individual differences in opinion to a great extent. This is evident from Feldman’s report that party identification leads to greater voter turnout in elections (431). That means identification to a political party encourages participation in democratic process. As Fiorina opines, party identification is the best way to ensure effective running of democracies. For instance, such political parties are the only platform for candidates to reach the masses in a short time (89). Without the presence of parties, the ent ire system will be in chaos as so many candidates might turn up and the population will be divided into so many divisions based on the demands of each small section. Thus, political system becomes an important aspect of a successful democracy. Along with this, political parties play a great role in coordinated social interaction. Forgetting minor differences in individual perceptions, people gather under the banner of political parties and promote group survival and welfare activities instead of individual needs. Finally, in times of trouble and complex social situations, parties provide cues that guide people. Thus, party identification is an important element of party system and political participation, and these both are essential for democracy. 2. Developments in party Identification

The Presidential Election Of 1976 Politics Essay

The Presidential Election Of 1976 Politics Essay In the year 1976, a very close race transpired between the former President Gerald Ford and an unexpected dark horse, Jimmy Carter. Jimmy Carter was an unknown former naval officer and one-term governor of Georgia who rose up to become the Democratic Presidential Candidate. Gerald R. Ford was just ending his term as President, which came about from a very corrupt situation. Following the Watergate scandal that consumed Nixon and shocked millions of Americans, Gerald R. Ford, as House Minority Leader, became President after the Vice-President Agnew resigned. While Ford was popular when he first became President, his popularity had slowly dwindled over the years. This being the first election after the Watergate scandal, it was a good time for the unknown Washington outsider, Jimmy Carter, to rise up and steal the presidency for himself. Starting back at the beginning, Jimmy Carters journey was not a nice walk in the park. He was not well known and was unlikely to even become the Democratic presidential candidate. Knowing hed have to spend a lot of time campaigning to get the attention of the voters, he decided to start campaigning more than a year before the election. At the end of 1974, he began to campaign and was the first candidate to do so. As the Democratic Convention approached, there was little hope that Carter would win. He was known as Jimmy who? and was running against other well-known politicians. All of a sudden, his luck changed at the Iowa Precinct Caucuses when he won more votes than all of the other candidates.6 Fortune continued with him at the New Hampshire primary in February, 1976, where he beat out five of his rivals. At the Democratic Party Convention, he won enough votes to beat out the California Governor, Jerry Brown, making him the official Democratic Presidential Candidate. President Gerald R. Ford also had a hard time of becoming a Candidate. Many people questioned him during this time because he became President without being voted on after the Watergate scandal. During the Republican Convention of 1976, his only competition came from Ronald Reagan. It was a very close vote between the two, but in the end Ford won and was again in the running for the Presidency. Another man running, named Eugine McCarthy, was the chairman of a third political party called the Independent Party and announced his candidacy on January 1975. This party came about because some people believed that the Democratic Party was too willing to compromise in order to get elected. McCarthys main agenda was to be very liberal and, as the season began, he did everything he could to keep his name in the paper. At the beginning of the election, McCarthy chose William C. Ford as his running mate. However, that didnt last because William Ford decided he wasnt going to run and bailed out. That made McCarthy mad. He decided that the office of vice president should be abolished and didnt choose another running mate. McCarthys campaign wasnt well known and he only got his name on four ballots.4 Unfortunately for McCarthy, he was never a competitive with the other two candidates because he wasnt allowed to participate in the Debates held between Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford. The final blow came when Jimmy Carters campaign started to challenge McCarthys campaign. Some of McCarthys supporters left him for Jimmy Carter in fear that Gerald Ford would win the election. In the end, McCarthy got about one percent of the popular vote and pretty much ended the Independent Party.4 Now that the two Candidates had been chosen, the different parties began to focus more heavily on their platforms. The Democratic Party Platform wanted to increase the amount of jobs available in the U.S. and cut down the unemployment rates by 3% by the time of the next election. They pledged to favor a tax reform and cut from the defense budget. On the social side of the platform, the Democrats declared that they would not create an antiabortion amendment. They did, however, want to regulate gun control and create a national health care insurance. For foreign affairs, the Democrats wanted to create a Panama Canal treaty that guarded U.S. interests while still supporting Latin America. Jimmy Carter wanted to continue to improve the relations with the Soviet Union, in the hopes that they could relax the Cold War tensions that still lingered. He hoped to spread the promotion of human Civil Rights throughout the world without using military force.2 The Republican Party Platform was almost the complete opposite of the Democratic Party Platform. Economically, the Republican Party promised to lower tax rates and create more jobs so people could get jobs easier and be able to pay taxes, while increasing the government funding. Another key point of the Republican Party Platform was the opposition to a national health care. Their main argument against this was that it would increase government spending by seventy billion dollars in the first year alone. Some other parts of the platform were to increase defense spending, oppose gun control, retention of the Panama Canal, and constitutional amendments to ban bussing and abortion.1 The real campaign for the Presidency started in September. A Gallop Poll was taken and showed Jimmy Carter leading with a support of 49% of the population, while Gerald Ford trailed with 39%.6 In one of Gerald Fords speeches he said, The question in this campaign is not who has the better vision of America. The question is who will act to make the vision a reality. Over the next two months not much was done and one newspaper said that it put the voters to sleep. Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford talked together and decided to have a series of debates, like the ones held between Richard Nixon and John Kennedy. It had been over a decade and the revival created a tradition of debates that is still used today. This was also the first time a debate was held in a public setting instead of in a studio. The debates would be over both domestic and foreign policy issues affecting America. The first debate occurred on September 27th in Philadelphia over domestic issues. It got off to a slow start with a 27 minute delay because the sound system shut off. Jimmy Carter spent his time talking of how Washington hadnt had a real leader in four years and called Ford out on his so called insensitivity to the unemployed. Ford replied by accusing Carter of not knowing the facts and having the details to back it up. Ford pushed for more jobs by expanding the private sector, controlling government spending, and lowering the federal tax. At the end of the first debate, most people believed Ford won and that Carter was too nervous and very hesitant with his answers. This caused Ford to become more popular and make the race much closer.8 The next debate took place in San Francisco and covered International Policy. Before the debate took place, it was inferred that Gerald Ford would easily win this debate. However, things quickly went south and President Ford made a huge mistake. From the start, Jimmy Carter went on the offensive and challenged Ford by saying Ford had surrendered International Affairs to the Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. Later in the debate Ford stumbled over a question about the Soviet Union and made a mistake. Many think this mistake kept him from becoming President. This caused many voters to believe that Ford was unintelligent and news of his costly mistake was talked about by many news reporters. Another Gallop Poll was taken after this debate showing that Carter was in the lead with 48% versus Fords 42%.8 In the third and final debate, the topic was about everything and anything. Ford was asked questions on his defense of Nixon and the Watergate Scandal while Carter was asked why he thought his lead had dropped down so far. This debate also asked questions on gun control, the Supreme Court, and possible amendments to the Constitution. To wrap up the debate, both candidates were asked what sacrifices they would require of the nation when times were difficult. Ford responded, Those necessary sacrifices to preserve the peace an adequate military capability and a few billion dollars more in defense funding. On the domestic side, sacrifices would be those that would hold the lid on spending so that we could have a long overdue and totally justified tax decrease for the middle-income people. Jimmy Carter responded by saying there wouldnt be as many sacrifices in his Administration. His main goal was to create more jobs and work on getting inflation lower with strong leadership. The only sacrifice would be to have a couple guidelines and a voluntary price restraint. Overall, this debate was very subdued with minimal accusations compared to the other two.8 After these three debates, many voters were still undecided. This election would be no landslide victory. Jimmy Carter just needed to get to Election Day fast, while Gerald Ford needed just a few more days to bridge the gap. On the day of the election, there was a big voter turnout with over four million more people voting than the year before. However, that was from more people coming of age. There was a higher percentage of voting age people voting in 1972 than in 1976. The numbers for the popular vote was very close between Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter with Gerald Ford picking up 48%, Jimmy Carter 50%, and Eugine McCarthy picking up the other two. However, while the Electoral College votes were still close, there was a wider gap with Jimmy Carter holding 297 votes versus Gerald Fords 240.7 The strange thing about this election was that it wasnt based as much off of north and south. It was split up into east and west, which hasnt happened very often in the history of Presidential E lections. With that Jimmy Carter won the Presidency even though at the beginning it seemed hopeless. http://wikihistoria.wikispaces.com/file/view/1976_Electoral_College_Map.png/65396784/443237/1976_Electoral_College_Map.png The Election of 1976 was very similar to the Election of 2012. In both election years, the voting was extremely close which made it not much of a victory for the two men elected. Another striking similarity is that the elections occurred during a time of war and turmoil. In 1976 the Watergate Scandal had just blown over leaving the public with a bad taste in its mouth. Now, in the year 2012, our country is currently at war with Afghanistan due to the terrorist acts of Al-Qaida. On September 11th 2012, on the eleventh year anniversary of the destruction of the World Trade Center, terrorists attacked again and killed the ambassador of Libya along with other violence around the globe. Both of the Elections occurred during momentous times in history. One last similarity between these two elections was the debates. In 1976, the debates had a huge impact on the election. Jimmy Carter himself, believed that if there hadnt been the debates, he wouldnt have become President. In 2012, the deba tes were similar in the way it helped the challenger for the Presidency and gave each a significant bump in the polls. However, in 2012, the incumbent, President Obama, won the election, while in 1976, the challenger, President Carter, won the election. Overall, the election of 1976 was a very important Election, just like every other Election in history. It was memorable in the way it started the precedent for debates in an election, not only between the Presidents, but also the Vice-Presidents. In this election, there was a fierce battle between two very deserving candidates. In the end, the Incumbent President, Gerald Ford fell to a new era that marked the beginning of the Democratic Hold of Office. In the next two elections the Republicans regained control of the Presidency, but the Republican Partys popularity has continued to dwindle. Once again, a Democrat (President Obama) has been voted President. Sources: http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=25843 http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=29606 http://millercenter.org/president/carter/essays/biography/3 http://www.ourcampaigns.com/NewsDetail.html?NewsID=35030 David C. Whitney (2009), The American Presidents 11th Edition: Biographies of the Chief Executives, form George Washington through Barack Obama. William A. Degregorio (2009), The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents: 7th Edition. Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley (2008), The Presidency A To Z Fourth Edition. http://cgi.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/debates/history/1976/ By: Ginny Glockzin

Pancasila

CHAPTER I BACKGROUND Indonesia is a country which has a strong philosophy to control the whole system of the country. In its preamble, the 1945 constitution sets forth the Pancasila as the embodiment of basic principles of an independent Indonesian state. These five principles were announced by Sukarno in a speech known as â€Å"The Birth of the Pancasila,† which he gave to the Independence Preparatory Committee on June 1, 1945. In brief, and in the order given in the constitution, the Pancasila principles are: belief in one supreme God; humanitarianism; nationalism expressed in the unity of Indonesia; consultative democracy; and social justice.Sukarno's statement of the Pancasila, while simple in form, resulted from a complex and sophisticated appreciation of the ideological needs of the new nation. The details about each principles: 1. Belief in the one and only God The symbol of this principle is star. This principle tells us about belief in God. It shows that the Indonesia n people believe in life after death. It emphasizes that the pursuit of sacred values will lead the people to a better life in the hereafter. The principle is embodied in the 1945 Constitution and reads: â€Å"The state shall be based on the belief in the one and only God†.It is represented by the star in the centre of the shield of the Garuda Pancasila. 2. Just and civilized humanity The symbol of this principle is chain. This principle requires that human beings be treated with due regard to their dignity as God’s creatures. It emphasizes that the Indonesian people do not tolerate physical or spiritual oppression of human beings by their own people or by any other nation. The chain at the lower right of the shield symbolizes successive generations of humanity. 3. The unity of IndonesiaThe symbol of this principle is banyan tree. This principle talks about the concept of nationalism, of love for one’s nation and motherland. Pancasila nationalism demands that In donesians avoid feelings of superiority on the grounds of ethnicity, for reasons of ancestry and skin color. In his 1 June 1945 speech, Sukarno quoted Gandhi: I am a nationalist, but my nationalism is humanity. The Indonesian coat of arms enshrines the symbol of â€Å"Bhinneka Tunggal Ika† which means â€Å"unity in diversity†. This is represented on the shield by the banyan tree at top right. 4.Democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations amongst representatives The symbol of this principle is the buffalo’s head. Pancasila democracy calls for decision-making through deliberations to reach a consensus. It implies that voting is not encouraged as long as deliberation is possible. It is democracy that lives up to the principles of Pancasila. The head of the wild bull at top left stands for this principle. 5. Social justice for the whole of the people of Indonesia The symbol of this principle is the rice and cotton.This princip le calls for the equitable spread of welfare to the entire population, not in a static but in a dynamic and progressive way. This means that all of the country’s natural resources and the national potentials should be utilized for the greatest possible good and happiness of the people. Social justice implies protection of the weak. But protection should not deny them work. On the contrary, they should work according to their abilities and fields of activity. Protection should prevent wilful treatment by the strong and ensure the rule of justice.This is symbolized by the paddy and cotton ears on the shield. Those principle are the base of Indonesia. All the constitution, rule, regulation, law, and system in this country must follow those principles. All activities related with Indonesia cannot be contrarily with its state philosophy. This state philosophy also can help the government to solve some problems in the country. That is why Pancasila is made and conclude all aspects that are needed in country’s life. CHAPTER II VIOLATION OF PANCASILA 2. 1 The IssueReligious violence is not talking about good violence or the type of violence which is allowed by the religion. It talks about the violence action that bring such name of religion to attack other belief or religion. The head of Setara Institute for Democracy and Peace, Hendardi stated that within the last three years, the violence that bring the name of religion happened frequently, even more frequent than before. From the beginning of 2010, 27th of April, thousands of people attacked â€Å"Yayasan Badan Pendidikan Kristen† (BPK) complex at Cisarua, Bogor. Not less than six buildings was burnt.Then, on 1st of October, a thousand people invaded Ahmadiyah area at Cisalada, Ciampea, Bogor and broke six buildings. On 12th of September in the same year, Christian community of HKBP Pondok Timur Indah Church was attacked when they were going to do the service. A preacher was also being stabbed by the attacker. The violence was not ended at 2010, entering 2011, on 6th of February, a thousand of people attacked Ahmadiyah Cikeusik, Pandeglang. Three Ahmadiyah people was died in this incident. Two days after that there were some people broke and burnt three churches and one Catholic school at Temanggung, Central Java.Those violence causes death of some people and a big losses for some parties. That religious violence is easily published by the media. Even in one media, there is one Indonesian who live in Cairo, Egypt, state his cynical thought, â€Å"That is Indonesia which is never reach maturity stage. Other countries are trying to get out from the cage of primordialism but we still stay the same. † It shows that religious violence in Indonesia is also heard by other countries or even by the whole world. One case that recently happened is the case on Temanggung, Central Java.That chaos happened after the judge verdicts 5-year punishment in jail to Antonius Richmon Ba wengan who is judged as a person who insult other religion. Right after the decision of the judge come out, the mass on the court altogether destroy the buildings (three churches and one Catholic school), break the glass and other facilities there. Those violence has caused great chaotic in Temanggung. Some roads must be closed due to the barbaric action of the mass. It also causes great loss to some parties. The reason for that religious violence is mass’ disappointment because of the judge decision.They think the punishment is too small for the person who insults religion. Actually, there is another happening before that religious violence happens. On 3rd of October 2010, Antonius Richmon stayed at his relative’s house in Kenalan village, Temanggung, Central Java. On that day, Antonius spread some books, that contain some statement that were considered as humiliation for the Moslem, to the Moslem mass around him. That is why the mass in that village were disturbed by his action and decided to arrest him since 26th of October 2010.The oddity in this case is most of the mass that was doing the violence were coming from outside Temanggung. The secretary of â€Å"Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama† (The Harmony of Religion), Djundardo, said â€Å"Most of the mass that do the violence was coming from outside Temanggung because, basicaly, Temanggung has good harmony in inter-religion interactions. † 2. 2 Analysis based on principles of Pancasila This case has violated several principle of Pancasila which must be our base in everything people do in this country. For the most, it totally violates the first principle â€Å"Belief in the one and only God†.This principle does not mean that all of Indonesian must have one religion. Indonesia acknowledges five religions before and six religions for now. It means that this principle encourage the entire citizen to respect other religion and belief. It says one and only God to emphasize that w e have one goal, one destination, and one same point at the last so the one that makes each religion different is the way to reach that goals. The former of Pancasila already thought about it carefully. They just wanted all citizens can have good harmony just like a big family, even though there is diverse religion and belief in it.Unfortunately, the fact, nowadays, is really contrast with the Pancasila’s former expectation. If we see the â€Å"religious violence†, it shows that there is lack of respect to other religion. They tend to defend their own religion by violence. They think that their religion is the best and because of that they lose the harmony of inter-religion relationship which is expected by the former from the first principle. The people who do violence forget about the first principle that said about the one and only God which means unity in one God.The principle means the last destination of each religion is one and only God who loves all people who believe on Him, so people do not have any right to judge which religion is the best among others. Besides that, none of the religion that tells people to solve problems with violence actions. If there is some people who do violence action and bring the name of religion, it means those people are not respect their own religion and God. That is why, this violence which attack other religion has considered as violation the first principle of Pancasila.Besides that, religious violence also violates second principle of Pancasila â€Å"Just and civilized humanity† because it harm so many people’s life. Civilized humanity describes the society that can treat the people who live there fairly, are polite and behave in a calm and reasonable way. The violence is a contrast action of civilized humanity. It shows that the mass, that kill other people, break others’ properties, and even obstruct others’ religion, imply impoliteness and barbarian behavior. It totally do not implement the second principle of Pancasila.Those actions also violate the third principle of Pancasila â€Å"The unity of Indonesia† because those actions can trigger any disunity among the citizen of Indonesia. Basically, unity never means all people must in the same thought, same condition, or same choice. Unity can be reached when we can respect others thought, condition and choice to reach one goal; also when we can harmonize that diversity and, the most important, has the sense of belonging to all of the member. In this religious violence, we cannot see the sense of belonging of those people or even their effort to respect others’ belief.They try to attack others because they think that religion is not appropriate to exist and be believed there. At the last, religious violence can be counted as violation of the fifth principle â€Å"Social justice for the whole of the people of Indonesia†. It violates this principle due to the closing of some churches which is unfair for the Christians who live kindly and nicely to the society. In this principle, the former said â€Å"for the whole of people of Indonesia† not for several people which means there must be no discrimination to get social justice.People should not judge a religion based on one-man action which does not describe the characteristic the whole of people who taking up that religion. 2. 3 Solutions Government need to remember and understand deeply about our Constitution. We must realize that we are in the democratic country, not an authoritative one. It means that we must respect others’ thought and belief; we cannot force others to have the same thought and belief with us. If we can realize it, hopefully, our country can be calmer and has harmonious inter-religion life. Government also needs to be strict in law to cope this issue.It is not only in law but also in its implementation. If someone harms others’ life, especially with harassment, it must b e considered as a crime and he/ she must be arrested based on the law. Government need to repair their mind to do their work to serve the whole citizen wholehearted and fairly. Besides all of that, we also can start to resolve the issue by ourselves. We must learn to respect others’ belief and not judge a society by one-man action only. We must try to open our mind to the diversity around us and share our knowledge to the people who still lack of this awareness.We also need to socialize with all people in our society, not only people who have same belief or interest with us. CHAPTER III CONCLUSION Indonesia is a country which established with a strong state philosophy which is called Pancasila. Pancasila consists of five basic principles which already covers all aspects in country’s life. The principles include the belief, humanity, unity, democracy, and justice. Those principles are called as state philosophy because those five principles are the fundamental principle to run the country. It means every single thing which is done in and for the country must agree with Pancasila.On the other hand, if we see the reality nowadays, there is some violation in regards of Pancasila. One kind of the violation is religious violence, which means some violence action which brings a name of religion. This issue becomes more frequent lately. The last case is in Temanggung where there are three churches and a Catholic school were destroyed by the mass which bring the name of Islam. That violence had caused chaotic and terrified situation in Temanggung because the mass was looked so brutal. This case has totally broke the first principle of Pancasila which said belief in one and only God.

Terrorism Terrorism And Domestic Terrorism - 1491 Words

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Salisbury HSM 305 Survey of Homeland Security and Emergency Management Professor Erick Stone January 22, 2012 Domestic Terrorism in the United States Domestic terrorism is a real threat to this country. This type of attack is nothing new to this country but until the threat of international terrorism became prominent, there was not a large focus on domestic terrorism. With a look at history, domestic terrorists are a greater threat to security